pastorjohnb

Thoughts and musings on faith and our mighty God!

Tag Archives: law


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Theological Concerns

Readings: Deuteronomy 17, Deuteronomy 18, Deuteronomy 19, Deuteronomy 20

Deuteronomy 18:15 – “The LORD your God will raise up a prophet like me from your community… He’s the one you must listen to.”

Chapter 17 deals with a variety of topics: capital punishment, legal disputes, and future kings. In capital punishment cases, multiple witnesses are necessary. If these cases or other legal disputes are too hard, they are to be brought to the priests and judges in the city God will choose. These decisions must be followed exactly. Then God gives guidelines for future kings. They will be different from other earthly kings – not too many horses or wives. And they will personally make a copy of the Law that they must read daily. God’s theological concern is for a theocracy.

Chapter 18 ensures that the basic needs of the Levites are cared for. It lays out what portions of what offerings belong to the priests. This chapter concludes with God’s concern about future religious leaders. God says, “The LORD your God will raise up a prophet like me from your community… He’s the one you must listen to.” Of all the voices that can speak into people’s lives, God’s prophet is the one that they need to listen to.

As we turn to chapters 19 and 20 the underlying focus shifts to the sixth of the Ten Commandments: do not kill. Chapter 19 focuses mostly on the cities of refuge. Three are to be established in the Promised Land. They are places for those who “kill a neighbor accidentally.” These cuties will prevent the shedding of more innocent blood. The end of the chapter, “life for life, eye for eye…” also limits revenge. The punishment must fit the crime.

Chapter 20 deals with a theological concern too – the command not to kill during times of war. The chapter begins with the priest’s role to remind the troops that God goes before them and that God will fight for them. Then it defines the official’s role next. Permissions are given to leave the battle front. Then we get two sets of guidelines for war in the Promised Land and for war outside the Promised Land. Close to home, no peace terms are offered, and all living things are killed. This is all about the theological threat of idolatry. “The ban” removes even the possibility of influences that could lead to the sin of idolatry.

Prayer: Lord God, there are many ways that we can honor those who are older and those in power. They all involve justice, integrity, and obedience to you. Guide us in these situations and also teach us how to be people in these places. We see that these same principles apply to our living in community. Lead us here too. Amen.


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Do This So That…

Readings: Deuteronomy 13, Deuteronomy 14, Deuteronomy 15, Deuteronomy 16

Deuteronomy 14:29b – “Do this so that the LORD your God might bless you in everything you do.”

Chapter 13 concludes the laws that pertain to unpacking the first two of the Ten Commandments. This chapter is aimed at prohibiting the inclusion of foreign gods. If a prophet or even if a relative tries to lead you or others into worshipping a foreign god, they are to be executed. And if a town is led astray and begins to worship a foreign god, all people and animals are to be killed and everything is to be burned. God is serious about no other gods or idols. Imagine if we were 1/100th as serious when others (or ourselves) tempt us with wealth or power or status or…

The third and fourth commands of the Ten Commandments are the focus of chapters 14 and 15. Keeping God’s name holy includes avoiding local religious rites for the dead. It involves eating only food that is holy or clean. These dietary laws also function as a way to differentiate Israel from its neighbors. In verse 22 we shift to the fourth commandment. The main idea here is that the Sabbath is not exclusive to just one day. The same is true for us: we are not Christians just for that one hour on Sunday morning. Our faith, as it was with the Hebrews, is to permeate all of our days and lives. Generosity is the defining characteristic in this passage. Yearly give one-tenth to God. Every three years give a tenth at the city gates for the Levites and for the poor. Cancel debts and free your servants every seven years – if it is a fellow Hebrew. This is an adaptation of what was given in the Law in Exodus. Running throughout chapter 15 is a concern for the poor and vulnerable. Generosity and a right spirit are essential to this care. It is at the end of chapter 15 that we find the overarching “why” – “Do this so that the LORD your God might bless you in everything you do.”

In chapter 16 we shift to the three yearly festivals. To remember what God has done is a part of worshipping the Lord, of living out the Sabbath. Our regular festivals – Easter, Christmas, communion… – they too remind us of who and what God is and of who and what we are called to be. In verse 18 the focus shifts to the fifth of the ten commandments. Here the idea of honoring father and mother is extended to include justice and honor for all people. Justice and care for the vulnerable is a core characteristic of God. May it be so for you and for me as well.

Prayer: Lord God, open my heart and my hands to those that you open your heart and hands to. Create in me a spirit of generosity and a sense of fellowship and community with all people. In all that I do and in all that I am, may everything be an act of worship that brings you glory. Amen.


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The Second Law

Readings: Deuteronomy 1, Deuteronomy 2, Deuteronomy 3, Deuteronomy 4

Deuteronomy 4:29 – “You will seek the LORD your God from there, and you will find him if you seek him with all your heart and with all your being.”

Today we begin the book of Deuteronomy. This book’s name translates “second law” and is the gateway to the rest of the Old Testament. This book presents itself as Moses’ last sermon. It focuses on teaching Israel what to do, how to do it, and why it ought to be done. “It” refers to living in right relationship with God and with the community of faith. The standards or guidelines established in Deuteronomy guide Israel forward into the Promised Land and they continue to guide us today.

Moses begins his narrative by recalling the promises of God – to give them this land and to make them “as countless as the stars in the sky.” Moses then gives structure to the people by appointing leaders to guide and to judge. Moses then recounts much of their wilderness lessons – the do’s and the don’ ints learned on the journey. This is primarily to remind them how they got to this point. It includes the “spy disaster” and its consequences. It includes the journey to the Transjordan and its victories. It reviews settling Gad, Reuben, and half of Manasseh and their promise to lead into upcoming battles. It concludes with Moses’ petition to enter the Promised Land, God’s rejection of this, and Moses’ charge to strengthen and encourage Joshua, their next leader.

Chapter 4 closes today’s readings with reminders of God’s power and might and of God’s call for them to be a holy and set apart nation. It speaks of an exile in their future. And even there God promises, “You will seek the LORD your God from there, and you will find him if you seek him with all your heart and with all your being.” This has been true all along and will continue to be true – even for us today. Thanks be to God!

Prayer: Lord God, in every high and in every low, you are our God. You led Israel through peaks and valleys; you guided them without fail. We too seek to live into this kind of relationship. Lead and guide us; teach us your ways. Walk with us day by day. Amen.


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Love and Care

Readings: Leviticus 11, Leviticus 12, Leviticus 13, Leviticus 14

Leviticus 11:40 – “I am the LORD your God. You must keep yourselves holy and be holy, because I am holy.”

Today’s reading begins with dietary laws. They generally fall along the lines of clean versus unclean. The clean animals have completely divided hooves and rechew their food. These are the animals that are used for sacrifices. Also edible are water creatures with fins and scales, non-carion birds, and insects that hop. All other creatures are unclean and therefore cannot be eaten. At the end of this section we read, “I am the LORD your God. You must keep yourselves holy and be holy, because I am holy.” Clean = holy.

Chapter 12 contains instructions for becoming clean again after childbirth. A mother is unclean for 7 days after birth. After this isolation period, she spends 33 days in a state of “blood purification” if it is a boy. In this state she cannot enter or touch the holy. If the child is a girl this state lasts for 66 days. Welcome to a patriarchal society!

Chapters 13 and 14 deal with infections and contagious diseases and the process of purification required to re-enter society. The priest serves as a physician or as the inspector. In general, open wounds made one unclean. Seven day quarantines were pretty standard. This time apart helped with diagnosis and it prevented spread. Unclean persons were required to appear in a state of mourning (torn clothes…) and shouted “Unclean!” to prevent clean people from coming near.

The purification ritual began with two birds being offered as cleansing. Clothes were washed and all hair was shaved off. After seven days of isolation, washing and shaving was repeated. If clean, the person brought animals, grain, and oil to the priest. Each was offered as prescribed. Blood and oil were applied to the right earlobe, thumb, and big toe. This blessed what the clean person would hear and do, and where they would go as they re-entered the community.

As I read and pondered these ancient laws and rituals, I am struck that these were the means and ways that God cared for and loved the people in that time and place. With very limited medical understanding this was how God kept the people safe, clean, whole, and holy. This is love and grace in action.

Prayer: Lord God, thank you for the love and care that you used to guide and lead and protect Israel. The realities of their time and place – they were part of your plan. You continue to love and care for us in this time and place. Thank you. Amen.


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Our Whole Life

Reading: Matthew 22:41-46

Verse 42: “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?”

In yesterday’s first half of our gospel reading the religious leaders asked Jesus a question to test him. The Pharisees were experts in the Law. They knew the scriptures inside-out. Keeping the letter of the Law and honoring all of the traditions was their focus. They were great practitioners of religion. So when they asked Jesus a letter of the Law question, they were likely surprised when he gave them a spirit of the Law answer. The idea of summing up all of the Law into just two commands had to have gotten their heads spinning. If one’s life has been dedicated to keeping each and every of the 600+ laws, what would it be like to consider really keeping and living out just two?

In today’s text, Jesus pushes the conversation further, deepening their new state of unease. It is his turn to ask a question. For the Pharisees, answering “Whose son is he?” should be as easy for them as answering 2+2=? is for us. Yet they have no answer. The answer is not explicitly found in their scriptures. It is there if one digs and goes deeper: the Messiah is Christ, the son of God. But the religious leaders cannot see or even fathom God coming in the form of a baby now grown into this man standing before them. This did not fit their strict and narrow reading and interpretation of the scriptures. Jesus’ question left them with an even great feeling of unease.

We too can find ourselves in this place at times. We can fall into being experts at following the rules or checking the boxes. We can be really good at practicing our religion yet fail to live out our faith. Both are important. Both should answer the question of who Christ is to us. We too can find unease when these two cross paths. Our religion, for example, calls us to love our neighbors. It tells us to give the hungry person $10 to buy lunch. Our faith tells us to buy our lunches and then to sit down at the table with our neighbor. Unease.

As we ponder Christ’s total call on our lives, may we, like David, understand the Lord to be the Lord of our whole life. And, from there, may we live it out with all that we are and all that we have to offer.

Prayer: Lord God, guide me to not only know the word, but to be the word lived out. Guide me to not only help others to know Christ, but to experience Christ in me. Guide me to be not just faithful and obedient, but also to be compassionate and generous. As I seem to grow into you, Lord, grow in me. Amen.


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Pleasing to God

Reading: Psalm 19:7-14

Verse 14: “May these words of my mouth and this meditation of my heart be pleasing in your sight, Lord.”

As we turn to the second part of Psalm 19 we turn to the second way that our relationship with God is strengthened and deepened. In verses 7-14 David writes about “the Law of God.” For David this was the Torah – the first five books of our Bible. It was all they had at this point in history. We have many more books and because all of these are also the inspired word of God, the words of Psalm 19 apply to it all.

David describes God’s word as “perfect… trustworthy… right… radiant… pure… sure.” God is all of these things so God’s word must be as well! David writes of the “value” of God’s word: “more precious than gold… sweeter than honey.” And David shares the affects or impact of God’s word. It revives our soul and it gives light to our eyes. It gives joy to our heart and “in keeping them there is great reward.” All of this is true about living life according to God’s word! David loves God’s word. It brings so much life to him. The same is true for us and for our lives. Time in and with God’s word brings strength and depth to our faith.

The Psalm closes with some familiar words: “May these words of my mouth and this meditation of my heart be pleasing in your sight, Lord.” Most preachers offer these words at the start of the sermon. Yet these words aren’t just for Sunday morning. These words can be our prayer every morning. As we strengthen and deepen our relationship with God, our desire to live according to the word grows. As this desire grows, our passion for living a life that is pleasing to God also grows. What a journey! Lord, in your mercy, be our rock and our redeemer.

Prayer: Lord God, your word is a lamp unto my feet and a joy to my heart. It leads and guides me in the way that I should go. It defends me from evil. Through the Holy Spirit’s wisdom and discernment make your word even more a part of my life. And, yes, may all I do and say be pleasing to you, O God! Amen.


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Authority

Reading: Matthew 21:23-27

Verse 23: “By what authority are you doing these things? And who gave you this authority?”

Photo credit: Shane Rounce

Jesus’ ministry is nearing its climax. The Palm Sunday celebration happened just the day before. Jesus has just turned tables over in the temple, accusing them of turning it into a “den of robbers.” The tension between Jesus and the religious authorities is skyrocketing. As he is teaching in the temple courts they approach him and ask, “By what authority are you doing these things? And who gave you this authority?”

They are the religious authorities. They are the ones in charge. They are the keepers of the Law. Have you ever had a boss or a supervisor who was like this? Yes, they had the title and maybe even the office but they lacked real power and authority. Real decisions and real leadership came from someplace else. The religious leaders sense that Jesus has both in volumes. He demonstrates this with the simple question that he asks.

Turning the question to John the Baptist’s authority, Jesus exposes the religious leaders lack of faith. They have tons of religion, yes. They can quote scripture and they follow all the rules, but they have little faith and almost no personal relationship with God. That’s the things John had and it’s the thing that all of the prophets had. Just as it was with John and with all of the other past prophets, so it is with Jesus. They didn’t understand that power comes from a personal relationship with God. They didn’t get that this is what leads and guides, fuels and drives a life lived for and with the Lord. This is the source of Jesus’ authority. May it be so for you and for me as we seek to live out the love of God in our lives.

Prayer: Lord God, grow our relationship day by day, deepening our connection and my sense of your will and way. May I know you more personally and more intimately, just as you know me. Fill me with your Spirit’s presentation and power. Use me as your servant today. Amen.


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Accountability

Reading: Romans 14:1-12

Verse 10: “You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister? Or why do you treat them with contempt?”

Photo credit: Ditto Bowo

Our Epistle reading begins with the directive to accept others without passing judgment. I’m not sure if the first or second is harder to adhere to. Maybe both are an equal struggle as they are so closely related. This seemed to be the case for the church in Rome. It remains a big struggle in many of our churches today.

In what Paul terms “disputable matters” these Christians are struggling to allow for understandings and practices that are different from their own. The Gentile Christians thought their faith was “stronger” because they didn’t have to follow all of these rules to maintain their relationship with Jesus. Thus, they viewed the Jewish Christians as “weak.” The Jews, for example, only ate vegetables as a way to keep the Jewish food purity laws concerning meat. It was hard to find meat that they were sure was kosher in that pagan culture of Rome. The Gentile believers saw this as a weakness of faith because they themselves could eat anything and still be right with God.

Paul reminds all of those in the church that “none of us lives to himself [or herself] alone.” Instead, he insists, “we belong to the Lord” – both in life and in death. With these truths in mind, Paul then asks these two pointed questions: “You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister? Or why do you treat them with contempt?” He reminds us that if Jesus submitted to the point of death on a cross, then we should submit to unity in spite of minor differences in understanding and practice. He closes with a sober reminder: one day we will all come before the judgment seat. May our accounting of how we treated our brothers and sisters in Christ bring glory to God.

Prayer: Lord God, it’s so easy to slip into judging and looking down on others. It’s an area of weakness for me. Jesus set the example – engaging others as equal, worthy, beloved, valued. Build up my inner being and remove my weakness so that I can better live like Jesus. Amen.


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Love Does No Harm

Reading: Romans 13:8-10

Verse 10: “Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.”

Turning to the first half of this week’s Epistle reading, Paul calls us to love one another. Paul, just as Jesus did, emphasizes that “he who loves his fellow man has fulfilled the Law.” Paul, again reiterating one of Jesus’ teachings, offers a few of the 10 Commandments and says these and all other commandments are summed up in “Love your neighbor as yourself.” Whether reading Paul or reading Jesus, the charge is clear: love one another.

In verse 10 Paul writes, “Love does no harm to a neighbor.” Many years later this concept would become the basis for the first of John Wesley’s “Three Simple Rules”: Do no harm. Wesley picked up on Jesus’ example and on Paul’s words, making the verbage shorter while also expanding the scope to include things like the environment. While the world has changed greatly since the days of Paul or Wesley, this rule of life is still greatly needed in our world and in our lives.

How can we, how can you and I, embody and live out “love does no harm to a neighbor?” How do we model a love that intentionally chooses not to harm our fellow humans or the world we all live in? We begin by accepting the call to minister to all the world. We next recognize and engage the image of God that is inside all people. And then we really commit to loving all of our neighbors, especially when it is hard. From this place of being in the world as Christ was in the world, we will do no harm as we encounter each person from a place of love. May it be so for us all today and every day.

Prayer: Lord God, open my heart wide to all people – those like me, those that are beloved by you. All people. Fill me with your love, Lord. Use me and guide me to truly love as you love – without condition, generously, abundantly. As I gather with others may it always be in your name. May your presence be with us and in us. Amen.


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Out of the Heart

Reading: Matthew 15:10-20

Verse 18: “The things that come out of a person’s mouth come from the heart, and these defile them.”

As Jesus calls the crowd to himself he is really unpacking the clash that he just had with the Pharisees. Chapter 15 opens with a question from the Pharisees: “Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders?” This law-focused religious group is “concerned” that the disciples didn’t wash their hands before eating, making them ceremonially unclean. This is not following the traditions established by the ancient elders of the faith.

Gathering the crowd – which would still have included the Pharisees – Jesus tells them that it is not what goes IN the mouth that defiles. Food simply passed through our digestive system. The stomach… has nothing to do with the condition of our soul. Instead, Jesus teaches, it is what comes OUT of our mouth that can make one unclean. The heart has everything to do with the condition of our soul. When we sin, this is always rooted in what we’ve allowed to come into our heart. That seed of lust or envy or greed or pride or… has grown into a sin and as that makes its way out of our hearts, that is what makes us “unclean” or unfit for entering into God’s presence in worship.

Today we are not immune from forms of legalism. We can surely get caught up on whether or not someone did this ‘thing’ – like going to church every Sunday – rather than being concerned with the condition of their heart – how they are living out God’s love in their lives and in the world. Yes, communal worship is an essential part of a Christian’s faith and life. But sitting in a pew each Sunday does not make one a Christian. It is that good that fills and then flows out of the heart that reveals our connection to, our belief in, and our relationship with Jesus Christ.

Prayer: Lord God, by the power of the Holy Spirit, guard against the evils that I am tempted to allow into my heart. By that same power, lead me to fill my heart with the love and light of Jesus Christ. May this then be what flows out into the lives of all I meet. Amen.